The most persistent argument being the criticizing of the undue hardships that applicants endured in order to receive confirmation to land they already owned. In retrospect, the confirmation of the private grants could have been made easier and less expensive for the landowners. However, one must realize that at the time of these confirmation hearings, the mood of the country was that of the conquering warriors. Mexico had just been defeated in a war and the United States was not about to give away land that it had just fought for.
Consequently, the burden of proof was placed onto the Mexicans and naturalized citizens of conquered Mexico. The grant name, confirmee, and condition of title was shown on this list, which included all the confirmed grants within California. The successor to the abolished office is the California State Lands Commission. One reason for this update is to enter the patent dates omitted in the report. In some instances, ranchos were confirmed by the Land Commissioners and the courts and the necessary surveys were performed: but for unknown reasons, final patents were never issued or could not be found.
These unpatented ranchos were included in the report. The format for this new listing is alphabetically by county name, which differs from the Surveyor-Generals listing, which is alphabetically by rancho name.
This list of confirmed and patented private land claims ranchos gives only the name of the final patentee. Public records have been researched to ascertain the correct dates of patent, acreage, and township, range and meridian. When there was a conflict of facts, the records of the Bureau of Land Management were used as the final authority. The listing is included as an appendix. The Spanish plan for the colonization of California was threefold.
Comprised of a religious, military, and civil format. The first and second stages consisted of the concurrent establishment of missions to civilize the native Indians and military reservations, called presidios, to guard the missions and settlers against hostiles. The third stage was the civil portion, consisting of the establishment of farming communities called pueblos.
Along with the religious plan of establishing missions and the military plan of founding presidios was the civil plan of establishing farming communities — pueblos — in California. These pueblos were to be established in fertile valleys in the hope that they would supply the presidios with grain and other staples which, at that time, were being shipped from Mexico.
They were originally founded as pueblos, differentiating them from the presidios, which eventually became pueblos. The pueblo at Branciforte, near present day Santa Cruz, did not fare well and eventually disappeared. The pueblo at Sonoma was founded by the Mexican Empire after the Mexican revolution.
The four pueblos acquired four square leagues of land to be divided into house lots, farm lots, lands to be rented for revenue, commons, and pasture lands. The governor of California in issued detailed instructions for setting up and maintaining the pueblo of Los Angeles.
These instructions, which were apparently applicable to the established pueblo of San Jose and any new pueblos, were approved by the Spanish ruler in The instructions allotted generous pay and food to settlers, free distribution of house lots, farming land, allotment of farm animals, rules for the disposal of property, and the common privileges of water and firewood. Of the eight pueblos established, seven survived to be recognized as such by the United States of America. The Board of Land Commissioners regarded these pueblos as private land grants and required them to submit petitions for confirmation.
During these confirmation hearings, an argument arose as to the historical authenticity of the Spanish grant of four leagues of land to these pueblos. The argument contended that no paper title for some of the pueblo grants was found or ever existed, so, consequently, some pueblos were not entitled to the four square leagues.
This contention was challenged by the City of San Francisco. During its appeal, the city stated that no such paper or parchment grant ever existed. It was enough that every pueblo, when it reached a certain state of development, became ipso facto, entitled to certain rights in land. It is enough that that development was attained by the Pueblo of San Francisco and was officially conceded to exist by the Spanish government, and its rights in its pueblo lands recognized.
When special corporations are created by a general statute, their general powers are not enumerated, but they obtain them from the general act. This argument was resolved in favor of the pueblos and the four-league grant. Once resolved, the question of how these four leagues were to be partitioned was raised.
Some proponents suggested four leagues square from the center of the pueblo, in each cardinal direction, making a total of 64 square leagues. Others argued that it meant four leagues squared or 16 square leagues. These arguments were put aside by the courts and four square leagues total was established as the extent of the pueblo lands. Each of the seven pueblos were finally confirmed and patented. However, because of encroachments by rancho grants or other circumstances, not all the pueblos received the four square leagues.
The patent date and the area received by the pueblos are listed below, beginning with the southernmost at San Diego and going north. The establishment of the four Spanish presidios in California was concurrent with the founding of the missions at the same location. These presidios were military reservations founded for the protection of colonizers and the missions located within the protective radius of influence of these military reservations.
The earth of the ditch served for the outwork. The enclosure of the presidio was formed by a quadrilateral, about six hundred feet square. The rampart, built of brick, was twelve to fifteen feet high, by three in thickness; small bastions flanked the angles; the presidio had but two gates.
Its armament generally consisted of eight bronze cannon, eight, twelve, and sixteen pounders. Missions were for the Native population, presidios for the military, ranchos for ranch farmers, and pueblos for Spanish-American settlers.
Its specific meaning, therefore it would seem, can vary according to context — so a drone, a tree, a dead being can all be described as inanimate. Endowed with life, living, alive; esp. Everything in Java is associated with classes and objects, along with its attributes and methods. Rancho Bravo. Matra Rancho was created in Rancho Texicano was created in Rancho Camulos was created in Log in.
Pueblo Indians. Add an answer. Want this question answered? Study guides. Q: What is the difference between a rancho and a pueblo?
Write your answer Related questions. What is the difference between a presidio and a pueblo? What is the difference between a mission and a pueblo? What is the difference between a rancho and a mission?
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