For both medical and illegal purposes, AASs can be taken :. AASs travel through the bloodstream to the muscle tissue, where they bind to an androgen receptor. Some types of steroid are commonly used for medical treatment. For example, corticosteroids can help people with asthma to breathe during an attack.
Testosterone is also prescribed for a number of hormone-related conditions, such as hypogonadism. However, AASs are not commonly prescribed as a treatment. In the U. The use of these drugs is only legal when prescribed by a medical provider. Testosterone and several of its esters, as well as methyltestosterone, nandrolone decanoate, and oxandrolone, are the main anabolic-androgenic steroids currently prescribed in the U.
Non-medical use of steroids is not permitted in the U. Under the Controlled Substance Act, unlawful possession and distribution are subject to federal and state laws. As it is not legal for athletic purposes, there is no legal control over the quality or use of drugs sold for this purpose. Illegal steroids are obtained through the internet and through informal dealers, like other illegal drugs.
However, they may also be available through unscrupulous pharmacists, doctors, and veterinarians. Their composition and use are entirely unregulated, adding to the hazards they pose. The adverse effects of AAS use depend on the product, the age and sex of the user, how much they use, and for how long.
Users will attend follow-up appointments and take periodic blood tests to monitor for unwanted effects. Non-medical use of steroids can involve quantities from 10 to times the amount used for medical purposes. In adolescents, it can result in :. People who suddenly discontinue AAS after using them for a long time may experience withdrawal symptoms, including severe depression. Apart from these adverse effects, there are other health risks. These extreme and unwanted effects can affect those who are already prone to these types of behaviors.
Long-term, unregulated use of AASs can affect some of the same brain pathways and chemicals that are affected by other drugs, such as opiates. What problems can using illegal anabolic steroids cause? Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Cause you not to be able to father children. Enlarge the breasts. In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough.
Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill.
Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy mania , false beliefs delusions , and substance use disorder. How is anabolic steroid misuse identified? How is it treated? Doctors usually advise: Treatment in a program that includes medicines for withdrawal symptoms and other health problems. Family and social support.
Individual or family counseling. Medical aspects of sports medicine. In PJ McMahon, ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. To do so may increase the chance of side effects.
In order for this medicine to work properly, it is important that you follow a diet high in proteins and calories. If you have any questions about this, check with your health care professional. The dose medicines in this class will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of these medicines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are using the medicine. Your doctor may want to continue treatment for up to twelve weeks.
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